What type of information is considered Protected Health Information (PHI)?

Protected Health Information (PHI) refers specifically to any individually identifiable health information that is created, received, stored, or transmitted by a healthcare provider, health plan, or healthcare clearinghouse in relation to the provision of healthcare or payment for healthcare. This definition encompasses various types of information, including medical records, health histories, test results, and other health-related data that can directly identify an individual.

When identifying PHI, the crucial factor is the ability to link the information to a specific person. The correct answer highlights that any health information that can identify an individual falls under the protections established by HIPAA. This means that not only medical records but also a wide range of health information related to an individual is covered, ensuring their privacy and security.

In contrast, general health statistics do not identify individuals and therefore do not meet the criteria for PHI. Financial information related to healthcare, while sensitive, is only a part of the broader category of health information. Vague health-related information also lacks the specificity that links it to an individual, thus not qualifying as PHI. The key aspect of the correct answer lies in the connection between the health information and the individual, which is foundational to the protections offered under HIPAA regulations.